George Sowers has 30 years of experience in the space transportation field. During a continuous span working for Martin Marietta, Lockheed Martin and the United Launch Alliance, including a stint as the chief systems engineer for Atlas V development, Sowers helped develop more than a dozen launch systems. He recently retired from his position as vice president and chief scientist of ULA, where his team developed an architecture for fully reusable in-space stages fueled by propellant mined, refined and distributed in space. He holds a bachelor’s degree in physics from Georgia Tech and a PhD in physics from the University of Colorado. Sowers is a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.